I just got myself a H100i Platinum this morning and immediately had the same issues being described - constant USB disconnect sounds ever 30 or so seconds, and no control over the device from iCUE as it was not showing up.
After some investigating some of this unusual behaviour, I stumbled across the fact that my PSU (RM750i) stopped reporting in to iCUE also.
Managed to 'fix' the issue by disconnecting the usb header for the PSU as it was only a nice to have but not an essential item to control on iCUE, I now have control over fan speeds and can sync my lights.
For anyone else having this issue, are you able to maintain control over all of your other corsair devices when the issue occurs?
I wonder if this has something to do with the controller, and if using one of the ports in the back would fix the issue.